ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to assess oxidative stress in bovine tissues specifically liver, kidney and lungs by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and their correlation to cadmium (Cd) toxicity in bovine. Metallothionein and malondialdehyde are oxidative stress markers and their expression increases as cadmium concentration increases in tissues. In present study, a total of 62 bovine tissue samples were randomly collected from the animals found dead near industrial or expected polluted areas of Jabalpur city after detailed postmortem examination. These samples were processed for cadmium estimation and IHC staining in tissues. 200 mg of tissue samples were acid digested and cadmium concentration were estimated by using ICP-OES. In our study, cadmium concentration in tissues was ranged from 0.040 to 3.952 ppm in liver, 0.050 to 3.949 ppm in kidney and 0.020 to 3.134 ppm in lungs of bovine. These samples further grouped under three groups with cadmium level 0-1, 1-2 and > 2 ppm, according to Puls criteria. Majority of samples had cadmium level in the range of 0-1 ppm. Approximately 8, 13, 5% liver, kidney and lung tissues respectively had cadmium concentration > 2 ppm are considered under high risk. Formalin fixed and paraffin processed representative samples of liver, kidney and lungs were stained immunohistochemically by using commercially available antibodies for metallothionein and malondialdehyde protein. Tissues with high cadmium level showed increase in expression of metallothionein in nucleus and cytoplasm of the tissues along with increased cytoplasmic expression of malondialdehyde in liver, kidney and lung tissues as compared to low cadmium level
ABSTRACT
A total of 12 adult buffaloes were presented for the necropsy over the period of 6 months at the Department of Veterinary Pathology, CGKV, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh. Prevalence of Gigantocotyle spp. parasite infection was found to be 16.67% (2/12). Significant number of parasites was found in the bile duct and ductules of the infected liver along with the necrotic debris caused by parasite. Other gross lesions observed were included hepatitis, haemorrhages and fibrosis of the liver. Black color hard nodules at the site of mucosal attachment of parasites were noticed. Microscopic changes observed were included bile duct hyperplasia, haemorrhages, moderate fibrosis and granulomatous nodule characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells